“The Power of Feedback” primarily refers to a highly influential 2007 educational study by John Hattie and Helen Timperley. It established that while feedback is one of the most powerful tools for learning and performance, its impact varies wildly depending on how it is delivered.
Broadly, effective feedback functions as a blueprint or “GPS” for personal and professional growth. It bridges the gap between a person’s current status and their long-term goals. The Three Essential Feedback Questions
According to Hattie and Timperley’s framework, feedback must answer three distinct questions to successfully reduce the gap between current knowledge and mastery:
Where am I going? Clarifies the expected goals or performance standards.
How am I going? Evaluates the recipient’s progress relative to those specific standards.
Where to next? Guides the recipient with practical strategies for future challenges. The Four Levels of Feedback
The study highlights that feedback is delivered at four distinct levels of cognitive complexity, which heavily dictates its success: The Power of Feedback: John Hattie
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